Reed for axminster looms



Dec. 31, 1935. w, MCCLEARY REED FOR AXMINSTER Looms Filed Oct." l2, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 31, 1935 I w MCCLEARY I 2,025,879

REED FOR AXMINSTER LOOMS Filed 001;. 12, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v I I 3 Q 9 J! 5 l I! \J 1 W15. E

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Qmsentmmm. 60. m meakgs (tutor-r15 5 Patented Dec. 31, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REED FOR AXBHNSTER LOOMS Application October 12, 1933, Serial No. 693,337

6 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in reeds and wires to guide the warp threads with respect to the reeds and it is an object of the invention to make provision for holding the binder threads at one side of the reed dents so that they can be accurately placed by the latter for registry, for instance, with yarn tubes of an Axminster tube frame.

In co-pendlng application Serial No. 575,190 there is shown a loom for weaving a fabric having the pattern on the back. In such a loom it is desirable that the color or tuft forming yarns be bent up between the proper binder threads so that the back pattern will be correctly defined. Any uncertainty in the insertion of the yarn tubes between the binders, or the subsequent bending -of the tuft yarn upwardly between the warp threads will produce a cross-over inthe color yarns and cause a blemish in the finished cloth. It is a further object of my invention to provide a reed usable with the type of motion shown in the aforesaid application together with guide wires effective by being slightly staggered with v respect to the reed dents to hold the binders always against one side of the reed dent, thereby insuring accurate spacing.

It is a further object of my invention to form the upper ends of the wires in such a way as to facilitate insertion of the binders between two adjacent wires, the latter preferably being arranged in two rows with the members of one row staggered with respect to those of the other row.

There are thus afforded open spaces that facilitate the handling of the Warp threads in the loom.

It is still another object of my invention to provide reed dents the upper ends of which are curved or bent laterally to engage adjacent dents.

, The contact between the bent ends and the dents provides a stiff reed the upper'part of which, however, can be opened or spread at any desired point for the entry of a warp thread.

The aforesaid application illustrates a nose board having spaced fingers with hooks and it is a further object of my invention to provide a reed the front part of the dents of which can enter between the fingers of the nose board and are formed of straight sides, the lateral bends or offsets for the reed dents being located at the rear parts thereof where they will not interfere with the cutting mechanism, or the tufts which are curved upwardly'by the hook.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the combination and arrange ment of parts hereinafter described and in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of my invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a detailed vertical longitudinal section through part of a loom having my invention applied thereto,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view on an enlarged scale looking in the direction of arrow '2, Fig 1,

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of thestructure shown in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a detailed perspective of one of the reed dents,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5-5 of Fig. 2 through the upper ends of several of the reed dents, and

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic top plan view similar to a portion of Fig. 2, but showing the binder threads and the relation which they sustain to the wires, reed dents and nose board.

Referring to Fig. l, the loom frame I 0 supports a lay shaft ll upon which is supported the lay beam I2. 'The breast beam l3 is provided with a nose board [4 having rearwardly extending fingers l5 providedwith hooks H5. The fingers are spaced as shown in Fig. 2 and may be ar-- ranged to receive guide plates I! located in the spaces. A bar !8 supports the plates and can be raised and lowered by a link I9 through mechanism operating about a shaft '20. These plates and their supporting bar move around a center 2| which is fixed with respect to the loom.

The structure already described is adapted for cooperation with a tube frame indicated at 25 in Fig. 1. The tuft forming yarn Y extends downwardly from the tube frame and may lie along the rear surface 26 of the nose board fingers during the first part of the tuft forming operation.

The matter thus far described may be substantially the same as set forth in the aforesaid application filed by Dacey and Robertson. When the lay is in rear position and the plates l! forward, the tube frame can be dipped between the binders B and B which define the shed of the loom, after which known mechanism not shown herein but set forth in the aforesaid application will roll the tube frame to place the yarn tubes and yarn through the shed with the tuft yarns extending downwardly along the inclined surfaces 26. A needle N indicated in dot and dash lines in Fig. 1 may then be inserted in front of the reed to be described and the shot of filling thus laid be beaten up over the hooks so that the free ends of the yarns extending from the tubes set forth will be curved first backwardly and then upwardly. For a further understanding of the loom reference may be had to the Dacey and Robertson application, but I wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to use in a loom of the kind set forth herein.

In carrying my invention into effect, I provide a bar 30 secured to the lay beam and slot the same as at 3| to receive the depending reduced ends 32 of the reed dents designated generally at D. The front edge of the dent is notched as at 33 to-receive a V-shaped edge on a locking plate 34 which holds the dents tightly to the bar 35. The lower ends of the dents are spaced transversely of the loom and restrained against improper up and down motion by the locking plate 34.

The upper end of the dent D may if desired be wider than the lower part and has the rear top edge thereof bent laterally as at 35. This bent end curves downwardly as at 36, see Fig. 5, and has an accurately ground surface 31 which may be parallel to the upper body'38 of the reed. The distance between the ground surface 31 and the surface 39 of the body 38 is preferably the gauge of the tube frame; for instance, one-seventh of an inch. When the dents are assembled the bent edge 35 ofone dent engages the next dent so that in effect the upper ends of all of the dents are held firmly in position. Each transverse bend defines with the contacting adjacent dent a yarn receiving notch 40 into which a warp thread can be inserted. Because of the resilience of the dents they can be separated slightly to permit a warp thread to pass downwardly from the notch into the space beneath the transverse bend or spacer 35. i

Another plate 50 is secured'to the lay beam and has extendingupwardly therefrom wires W which are arranged in front and back rows 5| and 52, respectively The wires of the front row may be spaced apart a distance equal to twice the gauge ofthe tube frame, or double the space occupied byione reed dent, while the wires of the rear row are spaced apart the same amount but are staggered so that with reference to the width of the loom there is a wire for each reed dent. The upper ends of the wires may be bent laterally as at 53, the bend being suflicient'so that when'viewed from the front of the loom as shown in Fig. 3 the end of, one wire in the front row, for instance, will overlap a wire behind it. The purpose'of this construction is to prevent the warp threads from rising toohigh."

As shown in Fig. 6 the wires may be in alignment with their respective reed dents so that the binder threads are caused to move from one side of one of the wires to the opposite side of the corresponding reed dent. The thickness of the wire and yarn operates under these conditions to hold the binders closely against one side of the reed dents, and the latter therefore space the warps correctly for the tuft yarn insertion.

Figs. 3 and 6 illustrate an arrangement which I'may employ whereby the wires and reed dents will be symmetrically placed with respect to the center of the loom. This order of assembly is not essential but is convenient, and as shown the hooks or laterally bent ends of the wires and reed dents on the left hand side of the lay point toward the right, whereas thoseat the right hand "side of the lay point toward the left. The dividing line may be located centrally of the loom or at any other convenient point. 'As'shown in Fig. 2, one of the wires in the back row, indicated at 55,

and another near it in the front row, as at 56, are straight and have no bent ends. In the case of either of these wires those on opposite sides have their upper ends bent toward the wire, and the latter need not be bent. If desired, the 5 warp threads may be disposed as shown in Fig. 6 at the points where the wires and 56 are located. By such an arrangement the end warp threads are confined within a substantially closed space. 10

It is to be understood that in the operation of the loom specifically referred to hereinbefore the tuft forming yarns bend rearwardly between the reed dents and upwardly over the hooks Hi. In order that no interference may be offered to this 15 motion of the tuft yarns the lateral offset 35 is located at the rear of the reed dent, the front corner 45 lying in the plane of the body 38 to permit unobstructed upward curving of the yarns. This construction also permits the for- 20 ward part of the reed dents to be lower than the rear part so that the cutting mechanism not shown herein but generally operative when the reed holds the tuft yarns against the fell of the cloth can operate without interference on the part 25 of the reed. A low pile can therefore be out if desired.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided an improved form of reed the dents of which are spaced by lateral offsets which in effect :0 form a firm continuous upper surface for the reed which can, however, be opened at any desired point to permit entry of a warp thread, such as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 5. Furthermore,- the spacing offsets 35 do not extend for 35 the full width of the reed dent, but are so arranged that when the reed is in its forward tuft forming position said parts will be far enough behind the hook 16 to permit unobstructed bending on the part of the tuft yarns. Also, the guide (.0

wires are so arranged that the lateral bend of one overlaps the longitudinal plane of a wire in the adjacent row, thereby in effect restraining and confining the warp threads to a limited field of movement. Because of the fact that the wires 46 are in separate rows it is possible to insert a warp thread down from the top along some such a line as that indicated at 60 in Fig. 2. A further feature resides in the reversal in the reed dents and the wires at a point intermediate the width 60 of the reed, provision being made at the point of reversal to preserve the spaced relation of the warp threads. By the use of the reed and. wires set forth hereinbefore the warp threads are accurately spaced so that the tuft yarns can be curved 55 upwardly between them to produce a clean pattern on the fabric back.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without de- 60 parting from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In a loom reed, a series of individual reed dents, means to hold the bottoms of said dents, the upper end of each reed dent being bent laterally and downwardly into engagement with an adjacent dent to form a. thread notch, each dent movable slightly relatively to adjacent dents to define a passage for a warp thread communicating with the notch.

2. A loom reed dent having a lower substantially straight fastening portion and an upper part bent laterally to engage another dent and downwardly at one acute angle relatively to the straight portion and terminating at a point below the top of the dent to form a thread notch with said other dent.

3. In a loom reed, a series of reed dents, means to hold the lower ends of the dents, the upper portion of each dent being bent laterally to have engagement with an adjacent reed dent, the top of the reed thus formed being substantially continuous with each reed dent reinforced by and reinforcing an adjacent dent, the upper ends of the dents being yieldable so that any two dents can be separated slightly to define a thread passage communicating directly with the warp thread space between the separated dents.

4. In a reed for an Axminster loom operating with binder warps, a reed having dents held in parallel relationship, two parallel rows of vertical wires behind the reed, each wire being aligned with and parallel to one of the reed dents, the wires of one row being aligned with alternate reed dents, and the wires of the other row being aligned with the intervening reed dents, the wires of one row having the upper ends bent laterally by an amount to overlap an adjacent wire in the other row and thus define a thread space to limit movement of the binder warps.

5. In an Axminster loom, a nose board having fingers with inclined rear surfaces leading upwardly and forwardly to hooks, a plurality of reed dents movable to positions between the fingers to beat tuft yarns up the inclines and over the hooks to curve the tuft yarns backwardly and upwardly, each dent having the rear upper part thereof 5 bent laterally into engagement with an adjacent dent to hold thedents spaced to permit movement therebetween of warp yarns, and the forward upper parts of the dents being flat and spaced from each other to define open spaces 10 above the fingers for free movement of the tuft yarns as they pass over the hooks.

6. In an Axminster loom, a nose board having spaced fingers and hooks over which tuft yarns pass, tuft cutting mechanism, a reed under the 5 cutting mechanism comprising a series of dents the upper forward ends of which are free and spaced from and independent of each other to provide passages for the warp yarns and lie below the path of movement of the cutting mecha 0 nism, and the rear upper ends of said reed dents projecting above the forward ends and into engagement with each other so that each reed dent is reinforced by engagement with an adjacent dent and spaced from adjacent dents for move- 25 ment of warp yarn between the dents.

WILLIAM E. MCCLEARY. 

